Lab Testing Services
by Doctoralia

The fasting blood glucose test measures sugar levels in the blood and is the primary diagnostic tool for Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. The HbA1c test measures average blood sugar over the past 2 to 3 months and is used to monitor long-term diabetes control. Both tests are essential for patients with obesity, family history of diabetes, or risk factors for metabolic syndrome.

A lipid panel measures total cholesterol, LDL (bad cholesterol), HDL (good cholesterol), and triglycerides in the blood. Elevated lipid levels are a major risk factor for heart disease, stroke, and atherosclerosis. This test is recommended for adults every 4 to 5 years or annually for those with cardiovascular risk factors.

The thyroid panel measures levels of TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone), Free T3, and Free T4 to assess thyroid gland function. It is used to diagnose hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, Hashimoto thyroiditis, Graves disease, and to monitor patients on thyroid medication. Thyroid disorders are among the most common hormonal conditions worldwide.

Liver function tests measure enzymes and proteins produced by the liver including ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, albumin, and bilirubin. They help diagnose hepatitis, fatty liver disease, liver cirrhosis, bile duct obstruction, and monitor the effects of medications or alcohol on liver health.

Kidney function tests measure creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) to assess how well the kidneys are filtering waste from the blood. They are used to diagnose chronic kidney disease, acute kidney injury, and to monitor patients with diabetes or hypertension who are at risk of kidney damage.

The STI panel screens for the most common sexually transmitted infections simultaneously. It includes HIV antibody testing, VDRL or RPR for syphilis, NAAT testing for gonorrhea and chlamydia, and optional hepatitis B and C screening. Early detection significantly improves treatment outcomes and prevents transmission to partners.

The PSA test measures prostate specific antigen in the blood and is the primary screening tool for prostate cancer in men. Elevated PSA levels may indicate prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or prostate inflammation. It is recommended annually for men over 50 or over 40 for those with a family history of prostate cancer.

A complete urinalysis evaluates the physical, chemical, and microscopic properties of urine. It detects urinary tract infections, kidney disease, diabetes, liver problems, and other systemic conditions. It is one of the most commonly ordered tests during routine health examinations and in prenatal care.

Allergy panels use specific IgE blood tests to identify allergic reactions to food items including milk, eggs, wheat, peanuts, tree nuts, shellfish, and soy, as well as environmental allergens such as pollen, dust mites, pet dander, and mold. Results help allergists design personalised avoidance strategies and immunotherapy plans.

The quantitative beta-hCG blood test confirms pregnancy by measuring levels of human chorionic gonadotropin hormone and can detect pregnancy earlier than urine tests. It also monitors the progression of early pregnancy, helps diagnose ectopic pregnancy, and tracks recovery after miscarriage or treatment for gestational trophoblastic disease.

A Pap smear collects cells from the cervix to screen for cervical cancer and precancerous changes caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection. It is recommended every 3 years for women aged 21 to 65 or every 5 years when combined with HPV co-testing. Early detection through regular Pap smears significantly reduces cervical cancer mortality.

The hepatitis panel screens for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and Hepatitis C antibodies (anti-HCV) to detect active or past infections of these liver viruses. Both Hepatitis B and C can cause chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, and liver cancer if left untreated. Early detection enables timely antiviral treatment to prevent serious liver complications.